PCars2 - SETA description du modèle de pneu

Votez pour l'image du mois
  • C'est en anglais mais si quelqu'un veut s'amuser à traduire, ça serai sympa.

    Il s'agit de la description du modèle de pneus de PCars2.

    External Content www.youtube.com
    Content embedded from external sources will not be displayed without your consent.
    Through the activation of external content, you agree that personal data may be transferred to third party platforms. We have provided more information on this in our privacy policy.

    Seta tire Model (STM) est une simulation de pneu dynamique complète. En fait, il s'agit de trois simulations couplées, une pour la carcasse du pneu, une pour la bande de roulement du pneu et la pièce de contact, et une pour la simulation du transfert de chaleur. Il est également modulaire, où différentes techniques de simulation de carcasse et de bande de roulement peuvent être utilisées de façon interchangeable. Par exemple, les courses hors route peuvent utiliser une simulation de bande de roulement différente.


    CARCASS SIMULATION

    The carcass simulation used in Project Cars is a finite element simulation with specific computational optimizations specific to real time tyre simulation. The carcass is discretized into small connected “elements”, each one flexing and deforming due to forces.

    Features:

    • Elastic behavior changes with speed, temperature, and pressure
    • Rolling resistance changes with speed, temperature and pressure
    • Sidewall buckling at low pressure
    • Bias Ply, Radial, or Hybrid construction
    • Gyroscopic Effects
    • Dynamic response such as vibration, telescoping, and twisting


    TREAD SIMULATION

    The tread simulation used in Project Cars is a finite difference simulation of the contact patch, with the tyre tread “flowing” through the contact patch. The whole tread itself is discretized into elements much like the carcass, but the contact patch itself is a finite difference grid.

    Features:

    • Flash Heating, which is the change of temperature in the outermost rubber layer through the contact patch.
    • Componentized grip model. Each component is affected differently by road surface conditions, wetness, and temperature.
    • Deformation – the rubber deforming in and around asperities, resisting sliding motion.
    • Adhesion – the rubber bonding to surface rubber and material.
    • Tack – the sticky tacky grip you can feel on your shoes when walking a rubbered in track, related to adhesion.
    • Tearing – the ripping of rubber from the tyre
    • Cut – grip from the geometry, edges, grooves, and siping of the tread, with particular effect in dirt and gravel
    • Tread channel depth and water handling.
    • Discretized and temperature sensitive wear
    • Curing
    • Temperature sensitive elastic properties

    The carcass and tread simulations are coupled such that there is no roughness or “stepping”, while still preserving the detail of both simulations. The contact patch size, shape, and pressure distribution is determined by the carcass simulation and is used by the tread simulation. The forces on the tyre from the road surface are simulated in the tread simulation and transferred as external forces to the carcass simulation.


    HEAT TRANSFER SIMULATION

    The heat transfer simulation handles heat flow between brakes, wheel well, rim, carcass, and tread layers. The heat transfer amongst tread elements, from tread elements to the road surface, and from the tread elements to the air are handled directly by the tread simulation (including advection and evaporation). The pressure of the tyre is maintained by the carcass simulation via the ideal gas law.


    Emergent Effects

    Most effects just “fall out” of STM without explicit coding for effect:

    • Fy, Fx, and Mz vs slip angle curves, complete with realistic nuances, such as Mz inversion
    • Inclination effects such as camber thrust
    • Complex and sometimes subtle changes in behavior due to load, heat, pressure, and speed.
    • Proper behavior at a standstill and very slow speeds, although due to limitations of consumer force feedback devices, oscillations may still occur. Many tyre models break down at a standstill.
    • Flatspots
    • Hydroplaning
    • Changes in behavior due to surface differences, such as surface roughness, track rubbering in, wetness, and dirt.

    333.png

    AMS2 - Open un mercredi sur deux